''Thus it came about that in this, the first full-length analysis of hysteria undertaken by me, I arrived a procedure which I later developed into a regular method and employed deliberately. This procedure was one of clearing away, layer by layer, the pathogenic psychical material, which we like to compare with the technique of excavating a buried city.''

Freud, *Studies on Hysteria*, SE II, 139

Photograph of Sigmund Freud in the study at Berggasse 19, Vienna, c. 1936 © Freud Museum London